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Mathematics

Advanced Decimals: Place Value, Operations, and Applications

Decimals — place value, number line, operations, conversions, and real-life applications
Date: July 25, 2026  •  Questions: 40  •  Estimated time: 35 minutes
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Instructions: Read each question carefully and answer to the best of your ability. Show all working for word problems.
1. A jacket marked at $48.75 is sold with a 15% discount, and then an 8% sales tax is applied to the discounted price. What is the final price to the nearest cent? (3 pts)
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2. A 12.6 m rope is cut into three pieces. Two pieces measure 2.75 m and 4.8 m. The remaining rope is used to make two ties of 0.95 m each. How many meters of rope are left unused? (3 pts)
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3. Two bottles contain 1.25 L and 0.85 L of juice. They are poured into a carafe that can hold 1.90 L. How much overflows? (3 pts)
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4. A runner’s lap times (in minutes) are 1.28, 1.31, 1.27, and 1.35. What is the average time, and by how many seconds does it differ from a target average of 1.30 minutes? (3 pts)
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5. On a number line, A = 2.45 and B = 7.08. Point P is 1.75 units to the right of A. Find the coordinate of P and the distance from P to B. (3 pts)
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6. A measurement rounds to 5.62 when rounded to the nearest hundredth. State the minimum possible value, the maximum possible value (upper bound), and the width of this interval. (3 pts)
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7. A shopper buys 3.5 kg of apples at $2.39 per kg and 1.8 kg of bananas at $1.75 per kg, paying with a $20 bill. Round only the final change to the nearest cent. How much change is received? (3 pts)
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8. A cyclist travels at 52.5 km/h for 1.6 hours and then at 48.3 km/h for 0.75 hours. What total distance does the cyclist cover? (3 pts)
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9. A rectangular garden is 8.4 m by 3.75 m. A uniform border of width 0.15 m is added around it. What is the area of the border? (3 pts)
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10. The sum of three decimal numbers is 23.57. Two of them are 8.946 and 7.800. Find the third number. (3 pts)
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11. A solution is made by mixing 0.50 L of 2.4% salt solution and 0.80 L of 1.5% salt solution. Assuming 1 L = 1000 g of solution, how many grams of salt are in the mixture? (3 pts)
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12. A car uses 3.6 L of fuel to travel 45.0 km and 2.9 L to travel another 38.0 km. What is the overall fuel consumption in L/100 km (rounded to two decimal places)? (3 pts)
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13. Solve for x: 3(1.2x − 0.45) = 2.7 + 0.9x. (3 pts)
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14. An arithmetic sequence starts at 0.85 and increases by 0.35 each term. What is the sum of the first 10 terms? (3 pts)
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15. A taxi charges a base fee of $3.50, $1.75 per km for the first 5 km, and $1.20 per km thereafter. How much does a 12.6 km ride cost? (3 pts)
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16. A recipe uses 0.75 kg of flour to make 12 cookies. How many kilograms and grams of flour are needed to make 30 cookies? (3 pts)
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17. A worker logged 7.6 h on Monday, 8.25 h on Tuesday, and 6.9 h on Wednesday. To average at least 8.0 h per day over a 5-day week, how many total hours must be worked on Thursday and Friday combined? (3 pts)
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18. A stock rises from $12.48 to $14.10. What is the percent increase, rounded to two decimal places? (3 pts)
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19. A bucket holds 12.5 L of water. A leak drips at a constant rate of 0.075 L per minute into the bucket. How long will it take to collect 3/5 of the bucket’s capacity? (3 pts)
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20. Two phone plans are compared for 42 calls: Plan A charges $19.95 per month plus $0.35 per call; Plan B charges a flat $31.50. Which plan is cheaper and by how much? (3 pts)
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21. Compute (4.2 + 0.86) − 1.375 =   (3 pts)
22. 7.5 ÷ 0.12, rounded to the nearest tenth, equals   (3 pts)
23. The digit d that makes 7.d89 round to 7.9 (nearest tenth) and 7.89 (nearest hundredth) is   (3 pts)
24. Solve for x: 0.4x + 1.27 = 3.03 ⇒ x =   (3 pts)
25. The combined mass of 0.845 kg, 0.915 kg, and 1.075 kg is   kg (3 pts)
26. Write 17/40 as a decimal:   (3 pts)
27. Complete: 2.4 +   = 3(1.05) (3 pts)
28. Evaluate 0.048 × 125 =   (3 pts)
29. If y = 1.2x and x = 0.35, then y =   (3 pts)
30. The mean of 5.84, 6.12, and 6.74 rounded to the nearest hundredth is   (3 pts)
31. The number that satisfies 0.25 ×   = 3.75 is   (3 pts)
32. Round 8.945 to the nearest hundredth:   (3 pts)
33. Compute 9.8 ÷ 0.02 =   (3 pts)
34. With exactly three decimal places, the least number that rounds to 2.31 (nearest hundredth) is   (3 pts)
35. Find t: 6.4 + t = 2.5 × 3.2 ⇒ t =   (3 pts)
36. Convert 3 km 45 m to kilometers as a decimal:   km (3 pts)
37. A rectangle’s area is 12.96 m² and one side is 3.2 m. The other side is   m (3 pts)
38. Decrease 5.2 by 15%:   (3 pts)
39. Let p = 0.36 × 2.5. Then p + 1.04 =   (3 pts)
40. Complete the equation: 7.203 +   = 10.5 (3 pts)